LAW 42 - DUMMY’S RIGHTS

 
A. Absolute Rights
 
1. Dummy is entitled to give information, in the Director’s presence, as to fact or law.
 
2. He may keep count of tricks won and lost.
 
3. He plays the cards of the dummy as declarer’s agent as directed (see Law 45F if dummy suggests a play).
 
B. Qualified Rights

 

Dummy may exercise other rights subject to the limitations stated in Law 43.

 

1. Dummy may ask declarer (but not a defender) when he has failed to follow suit to a trick whether he has a card of the suit led.
 
2. He may try to prevent any irregularity by declarer.
 
3. He may draw attention to any irregularity, but only after play of the hand is concluded.

 

LAW 43 - DUMMY’S LIMITATIONS

 

Except as Law 42 allows:

 
A. Limitations on Dummy
 
1. (a) Unless attention has been drawn to an irregularity by another player, dummy should not initiate a call for the Director during play.

 

   (b) Dummy may not call attention to an irregularity during play.

 

   (c) Dummy must not participate in the play, nor may he communicate anything about the play to declarer.

 

2. (a) Dummy may not exchange hands with declarer.

 

   (b) Dummy may not leave his seat to watch declarer’s play of the hand.

 

   (c) Dummy may not, on his own initiative, look at the face of a card in either defender’s hand.

 

B. If Violation Occurs
 
1. Dummy is liable to penalty under Law 90 for any violation of the limitations listed in A1 and A2.
 
2. If dummy, after his violation of the limitations listed in A2:

 

   (a) warns declarer not to lead from the wrong hand,  either defender may choose the hand from which declarer shall lead.

 

   (b) is the first to ask declarer if a play from declarer’s hand constitutes a revoke, declarer must substitute a correct card if his play was illegal, and the provisions of Law 64 then apply as if the revoke had been established.

 

3. If dummy after violation of the limitations listed in A2 is the first to draw attention to a defender’s irregularity, there is no rectification. Play continues as though no irregularity had occurred.  At the end of play see Law 12B1.